CURRICULUM BRIDGES: HISTORY OF FLIGHT


[MATH | LANGUAGE ARTS | SOCIAL STUDIES | VISUAL/PERFORMING ARTS | LITERATURE LINKS]

MATH:

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Grade Level: Beginning

HOT AIR BALLOONS: Give the children the following Math problem: If there are 2 hot-air balloons and each balloon can carry 2 people, 1 animal, and 3 stuffed toys how many people, animals and items are there in one balloon? Then ask them to count how many are in the 2 balloons. Vary the number of balloons and people, animals and items in each balloon according to the math ability of the class.

Grade Level: Beginning

HELMET SAFETY: When someone flies in a hot-air balloon each passenger must wear a helmet for safety. How many helmets are needed if there are 5 passengers? Vary the number of balloons and passengers according to class ability.

Grade Level: Beginning

PERSONAL PLANE: Tell the class that they each have their own plane that can carry a total of 2 passengers. How many passengers can be carried by the class? Vary the number of trips that they fly and thus increasing the number of passengers they will carry.

Grade Level: Beginning

AIRPLANE TRIP: Have the students pretend that they are going on an airplane trip from the local airport to Florida where Mickey Mouse is in residence at Disney World. As the children enter the plane have them count how many are going on the trip. Have the children also count how many of them are wearing tennis shoes, hats, sweatshirts, blue jeans, the color red, etc. As a class you can make a chart to list your findings.

Grade Level: Beginning

AEROBATIC PLANES: Aerobatic planes are built to do tricks in the air. If there are 2 aerobatic planes in the air and each plane turns 3 times in the air, how many turns are done altogether? Vary the number of planes and turns the planes make according to the ability of the class. (Aerobatic planes also roll over and over and swoop up and down).

Grade Level: Intermediate

JETLINER ENGINE: a Jetliner engine is very complicated. To simplify and reduce maintenance costs the engine is designed in 7 units. If at least 3 of the units need to be maintained each time the jet lands, how many units are maintained on 75 trips? Vary the numbers to enhance this first problem according to class ability.

Grade Level: Intermediate

BALLOONISTS: Balloonists like to fly together. Sometimes there will be 40 or 50 balloons "flying" together. Each balloon basket can carry 3 or 4 people. If there are 45 balloons and 3 passengers in each balloon basket, how many passengers are there all together? Vary numbers according to class ability.

Grade Level: Intermediate

RALLIES AND GAMES: Balloonists love to have games and contests called rallies. During a contest there are 15 balloonists dropping 20 bean bags each onto a target on the ground. How many bean bags are dropped altogether? Vary numbers according to ability.

Grade Level: Intermediate

AIR-CRAFT CARRIER: An air-craft carrier can have 30 planes and 15 helicopters on deck at a time. Create multiplication problems using different variations of planes and helicopters on deck and the number of trips they have made. Usually the planes travel in teams.

Grade Level: Intermediate

BOEING 747 JET: The Boeing 747 Jet can carry 500 passengers. If the jet is 75% full, how many passengers are on board?

Variation: Change the number of passengers on board and percentages.

Grade Level: Intermediate

PROPANE GAS: Modern hot-air balloons use a large burner fueled by propane gas. A balloon can remain in the sky for 2 hours, using 30 gallons of fuel stored in 10 gallon tanks. How much fuel will the balloon use to travel a total of 15 hours? To travel the 15 hours, how many times will they need to touch down to "refuel"? And how many tanks will they use? You can vary the difficulty of these problems according to the ability of the class.

Grade Level: Intermediate/Advanced

PAPER AIRPLANES: Have the students make paper airplanes and gliders. Have a contest to see how many feet the planes can "fly". Measure with a tape measurer and compare distances during various "flights". Chart the findings to see which style of paper plane or glider flies the farthest consistently.

Grade Level: Advanced

CONCORDE SST: The Concorde SST is a passenger jet that travels twice the speed of sound. Using the distance of flight from New York to England, have the students figure out (750 miles per hour - speed of sound) how long it will take. Vary the destinations of the plane and how long it will take if the Concorde travels twice the speed of sound.

Grade Level: Advanced

EARLY MORNING FLIGHT: A hot-air balloon usually is flown in the early morning when the air is cool and there is little wind. The cooler the air, the more lift the balloon will produce. In winter a balloon will lift 4 people, in summer 2 people. Create Math problems using these facts: Example: The balloon travels 56 days in winter with 4 people each time and 32 days in summer with 2 people each time. How many people total get a lift from the balloon? Vary the `numbers' to create different Math problems according to the class ability.

Grade Level: Advanced

VOYAGER: The modern airplane, Voyager is designed to fly around the world nonstop in 12 days. Most of the plane is taken up by enough fuel to make the trip. Two pilots are the only passengers. When the present team starts their trip, there are 1000 gallons of gas. How many gallons of gas are used each day? And is there any gasoline left over on the last day?

Grade Level: Advanced

WORLD GATHERING: One of the largest gatherings of balloons in the world is held in Albuquerque, New Mexico in October. About 400 balloons fly each day. How many passengers will travel in the balloons if each balloon can carry 4 passengers? Variation: On one day only 285 balloons were able to fly with 50% of their total passengers. How many passengers were there?

Grade Level: Advanced

WING SPAN: Have students study the wing span and length of one particular aircraft. Ask them to create Math problems using these dimensions and then have them challenge their fellow classmates with the problems they have developed.

Grade Level: Advanced

COLORED PANELS: Most balloons are 65 feet tall and 40 feet across. To make the balloons more colorful, they are usually made up of different colored panels. How many panels will be needed if there is one panel 5 feet wide and then one panel 3 feet wide in alternation?

Grade Level: Advanced

AIRLINER FLIGHT TRAFFIC: Civilian airspace for airliner flight traffic is divided into 3 main blocks.

1. Above 49,000 feet for supersonic and business jets.
2. Between 49,000 and 26,000 feet for ordinary civil jetliners.
3. Below 26,000 feet for propeller driven aircraft.

All aircraft travel at the same speed in each block and are kept well apart. Create Math problems using this information in comparing the distances of various airline flight patterns, etc.

An example: A supersonic jet flying above 49,000 feet will be how much higher than a propelled airplane flying below 26,000 feet?

You can have several aircraft flying on one blocked area and compare their total heights with another blocked area with the same number of aircraft. There are tremendous variations that you can detail with these facts in creating interesting Math problems.

Grade Level: Advanced

MCDONNELL DOUGLAS DC10'S: McDonnell Douglas DC10's weigh 187 tons. When landing the jet is going about 168 mph. Wing flaps are extended and as the aircraft settles on the ground reverse thrust is applied to the engines, and then the brakes are applied as well. It can come to a stop within 6,500 feet on a dry runway. Using ratios how much farther would the plane go on the ground if it were a wet runway?

Grade Level: Advanced

MATHEMATICAL COMPARISONS: Using the following statistics of these two planes make mathematical comparisons of their statistics and have the students chart their findings.

The Monoplane-Mescalero The U-8F-Low-Wing Monoplane
Engine: One Piston-type engine:
210 Horsepower
Two Piston engines:
340 Horsepower each
Gross Weight: 2,500 pounds 7,700 pounds
Top speed at sea level: 153 mph 200 mph
Cruise speed height: 5,500 feet 12,000 feet
Rate of Climb: 910 feet per minute 1,300 feet per minute
Service ceiling: 17,500 feet 27,000 feet
Fuel capacity: 52 gallons 230 gallons


LANGUAGE ARTS:

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Grade Level: Beginning

COUPLET POEMS: As a class write couplet poems about flying like a butterfly. A couplet consists of two rhyming lines. They are usually written with a humorous twist and the lines can be of any length. Compile the poems in a booklet and make a fancy cover with butterflies on the front.

Grade Level: Beginning

"ROBIN": Have the class pretend that they are Robin, the helper to Batman. Together as a class write an adventure story and have the children make pictures to compliment the story.

Grade Level: Beginning

BLIMPS: Show the children the book Blimps by Roxie Munro. Blimps are a most unusual flying machine. As a class pretend that you are taking a trip in a blimp. Write a tale of your trip together -(they say that riding in a blimp is a lot like flying in your dreams).

Grade Level: Beginning

CARGO PLANE: Pretend as a class that you own a cargo plane that flies items from your city to New York and Los Angeles. Your class is responsible for "packing the plane". Keep a journal as a class of the things you put on board and then when you get to your destination, the items that are taken off the plane before flying onto your next destination.

Grade Level: Beginning

PARACHUTING: Have the children pretend that they are going to parachute from an airplane. Write a paper together of the various sensations they think they will experience. As the teacher write the simple sentences on the board and have the class copy them. As a visual arts extension have the children draw a picture of themselves floating down to earth in their very own parachute.

Grade Level: Intermediate

SUPERMAN: Have the students pretend that they are Superman. They have to "fly" to England on a mission to save the clock in London, "Big Ben". Have them detail their adventures, mishaps and conquests in journal form. Have the class share their journals with one another.

Grade Level: Intermediate

POETRY PATTERN: Have the students write a "Poetry Pattern" poem about airplanes. Poetry Patterns are concrete poems written in the shape of the poem's main idea. They do not have to rhyme. If the students write a poem about a jetliner they would write the words of the poem in the shape of the jetliner.

Grade Level: Intermediate

STAR LIFTER PLANE: Lockheed's Star lifter plane has been modified by NASA to carry an infrared telescope. The high-flying telescope allows astronomical observations that are not possible on the earth's surface. Have the students imagine that they are manning this telescope and discovering new planets. Have them write out their findings in a log.

Grade Level: Intermediate

HELICOPTER PILOT: Have the students write an essay on their duties as a helicopter pilot. Have them include what missions they fly, what cargo they carry (if any) and what unusual citings they have observed while flying their helicopter. Tell them to include fantasy flight information or documentation. As a compliment have them draw a picture of their helicopter.

Grade Level: Intermediate/Advanced

FRIENDS OF THE WRIGHT BROTHERS: Have the students imagine that they are friends of the Wright Brothers and have been watching as the brothers have built their airplane, the 1903 Wright Flyer. Have the class write out a "log" of their observations as the plane is being built. (The Wright Brother plane had part of its tail in front and its twin propellers facing backwards). Have students check out books on the Wright Brothers from the library in assisting them in writing their log.

Grade Level: Intermediate/Advanced

SPACE CRAFT TRAVEL: Have the students pretend that they are on a space craft traveling through our galaxy enroute to Mars. Tell the class to keep a journal of their sightings and experiences as they travel through space. Also, have them draw pictures of their experience.

Grade Level: Intermediate/Advanced

CONCORDE-SUPERSONIC PLANE: Have the students imagine that they are either a pilot, steward or stewardess on the Concorde - a supersonic plane that flies faster than the speed of sound. Have them write a daily schedule of their responsibilities on this supersonic plane and any adventures they may encounter as they travel transatlantic flights from London, to New York, to Honolulu to Sydney, to Australia.

Grade Level: Intermediate/Advanced

FLYING SOUTH: Have the students pretend that they are a bird and flying south for the winter. Have them "feel" how it would be to fly over the land and find their new home for the winter season.

Grade Level: Intermediate/Advanced

STUNT PLANE WINGWALKER: Have your class imagine that they are a wingwalker. A wingwalker walks on a plane's wings while the plane is flying and performs stunts for fairs and carnivals. Have the students write about their adventures and stunts on the wings of the stunt plane!

Grade Level: Advanced

FISHING FOR AN ANGEL: Someone once said "that he felt like he was fishing for an angel when he flew his kite". Have the students write a fantasy adventure about their kite catching an angel. Compliment the assignment by having the students draw pictures of their kite and angel.

Grade Level: Advanced

AIRCRAFT DICTIONARY: Using various aircraft books investigate terms and words that could be placed into an "Aircraft Dictionary" created by the class. After each student collects at least 5 words to include in the Dictionary, compile the entire class's words. Have students then design a cover for their "Aircraft Dictionary".

Grade Level: Advanced

BATMAN: Each student is going to be Batman for a week. Have the students write a story about their victories in saving the citizens of Gotham City. As a visual arts compliment have the students draw pictures to show their conquests as Batman.

Grade Level: Advanced

THE SUPERPLANE, XB-70: The research superplane, XB-70 has a range of 7,500 miles and was designed to fly above 70,000 feet at speeds of 2,000 miles per hour (which is equal to Mach 3). The delta wings of the plane extend all the way to the tail section and below the wings are the exhaust pipes of the plane's 6 engines. Have the students write a spy-mystery story involving this supersonic plane. (This plane was built in part to study the stability, control and handling characteristics of a large supersonic aircraft.

Grade Level: Advanced

A RIGID AIRSHIP: Have the students create a newspaper ad for taking a trip on a rigid airship (a Zeppelin) made in the U.S.A. with all encompassing safety features. As a visual arts compliment have the students draw a picture of the airship to accompany the ad.

Grade Level: Advanced

HURRICANE TRACKING: Have the students pretend that they man a Weather Satellite Station and they need to track a hurricane in the south Atlantic seas. Have them develop a journal to record their findings.

Grade Level: Advanced

BLACKBIRD TEAM: Have the students pair up in teams and write an essay about being the pilots of the Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird which is one of the most effective air reconnaissance planes in the world today. There are 2 pilots and the rear crew member is responsible for operating the many sensors and cameras that the plane carries. The plane is made of special metals to protect the surface from excessive heat which is present when the plane is going at speeds in excess of 3 times the speed of sound. The delta-shaped wings have unusual kinks and moldings. On one particular day a SR-71 set a level-flight height record by cruising more than 85,000 feet above the earth, with a speed of 2,193 mph (Mach 3.3). On another day it flew from New York to London, England in one hour and 56 minutes. The Blackbird is built very differently from conventional planes - the metals expand as the plane gets hotter.

Grade Level: Advanced

MOON WALKING: Have students imagine that they will be the first students on the earth to walk on the moon. Have them keep a journal of their feelings, expectations, and landing on the moon. As a compliment to the journal ask the students to draw pictures of their findings on the moon.

Grade Level: Advanced

HELICOPTER MOVING: Have the students pretend that they are a helicopter pilot. They are moving a pre-fab home for a family in their area. Ask them to write about their adventures as the pilot that moves the home. As a compliment to the story have the students draw pictures of the move.

Grade Level: Advanced

HANG GLIDER FLIGHT: Look up! Are you a bird? or a plane? No you're flying in a hang glider. Hang gliding is a way to fly almost like a bird. Have the class imagine that they are flying in a hang glider and have them write a story about their experiences in the sky.


SOCIAL STUDIES:

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Grade Level: Beginning

KITE BEGINNINGS: Do class research on the beginnings of kites and then write the findings on the board in simple words. Have the children copy it down. Then create individual books and have the children design a cover for their "Kite History Book".

Grade Level: Intermediate

KITE USES: Throughout history kites have been used to enable people to fly. Some scientists have used kites to study the weather. Have the students do a study of the development and uses of kites through various cultures and time periods. Have them write down their findings and share orally in front of the class.

Grade Level: Intermediate

THE SMALLEST AIRCRAFT: An ultralight is the smallest powered manned aircraft in the heavens. Have the students do a research paper on this aircraft and share their findings with the rest of the class.

Grade Level: Intermediate

BLIMP STUDY: Have the class do a study on blimps, their design, uses, and durability. Have them share their findings with the rest of the members of the class.

Grade Level: Intermediate

USES OF HOT-AIR BALLOONS: Have each student do a study of hot-air balloons; how they were first built, and how they have developed over the years. Have the students include the uses of hot-air balloons today.

Grade Level: Intermediate

CHARLES LINDBERGH: Have the students do a research paper about Charles Lindbergh who flew from New York to Paris in a tiny plane named the "Spirit of St. Louis". Have each classmate read their report to the class.

Grade Level: Intermediate

SEAPLANES: The first airliner to cross the ocean was a big seaplane. Have the class do a research paper on these seaplanes and share their findings with the class next door.

Grade Level: Intermediate

CROPDUSTERS: Cropduster propeller planes spray crops to protect them from bugs. Have the class do a study of the development of this process of spraying from the air instead of from the ground.

Grade Level: Intermediate/Advanced

UNUSUAL AIRPLANES: Have the students do a research paper on the development and use of unusual airplanes. Some of the planes may have parts of their tails in front, and their wings in back, and others might have one propeller in front and another in back. Designers of planes became more scientific in their approach to design and began realizing that sometimes new shapes or a different arrangement of parts would be better in special situations.

Grade Level: Advanced

LEONARDO DA VINCI: Have the students do a study on Leonardo Da Vinci. He designed several flying machines that could carry passengers, but he never built any of them. Have each student present their paper to the class.

Grade Level: Advanced

FAMOUS AIRCRAFT: Have the students do research on the following planes. They will discover why each of these aircraft are "famous".

1. Wright Brothers Flyer
2. Douglas Chicago
3. Fokker T-2
4. Fokker Josephine Ford

Grade Level: Advanced

JIMMY DOOLITTLE: Jimmy Doolittle flew a racing plane. Have the students do a research report on him and his stubby "Gee Bee" racer who won the Thompson Trophy races. As a visual arts compliment have a drawing contest to see who can draw the best "Gee Bee" plane.

Grade Level: Advanced

JET ENGINES: Jet engines were appearing after World War II. Have the students do research on the major changes that took place with the introduction of jet engines.

Grade Level: Advanced

HELICOPTERS: Have the class do a research paper individually on the development, types and uses of helicopters. Have them share their discoveries with the class.

Grade Level: Advanced

HANG GLIDER INVENTOR: Francis Rogallo invented today's hang glider and the triangle-shaped wings. Have the students do research papers on his discoveries and share with the rest of the class. (Flying in a hang glider is the closest sensation to the flight of a bird).

Grade Level: Advanced

MODERN DEFENSE WEAPONS: There are many modern defense aircrafts. Have the students do a research report on three of these aircrafts: The F-14 Tomcat (the Navy's fighter jet), the Hawker Harrier (a British-designed defense aircraft) that can take off and land vertically, and the stealth Bomber (a U.S. plane that can fly undetected by radar). As a visual arts extension have the students draw pictures of the 3 planes after they have done the reports. (You could have the class divided in thirds and each group do the report on one of the three planes).


VISUAL/PERFORMING ARTS:

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Grade Level: Beginning

A CHILD'S DREAM: Have the children dream up new shapes for flying machines. Then have them draw their creations and give the flying aircrafts names. Remind the children that their aircraft need wings and an engine.

Grade Level: Beginning

DIAMOND-SHAPED KITES: Provide a large piece of paper shaped like a diamond for each child. Have the children design their own pictures on their diamond-shaped kite paper. Vote on which ones they like the best and then put all of them up around the classroom.

Grade Level: Beginning

NIGHT STARS: Have the class draw pictures of stars in the night sky using black paper and white chalk.

Grade Level: Beginning

PAPER WINGS: Make paper wings for the children. Attach the wings to their backs and have the class pretend that they are birds flying through the air, flapping their wings.

Grade Level: Beginning

AIRPLANE STENCILS: Using airplane stencils have the children trace various planes. Have them use white paper and colorful crayons to trace the aircraft. Then display on a bulletin board in the classroom.

Grade Level: Beginning

PUZZLE BOARD: Cut a very large piece of paper in interesting sections. Give each child one piece. Ask them to draw a picture of a flying machine on their section (make sure they each draw on the same side of the paper). When the children finish put the sections back together and see "the fascinating flying machine" that develops. Place on a bulletin board.

Grade Level: Intermediate

STUNT PLANES: Stunt planes are often brightly painted. Ask your students to design colorful and creative new designs to paint on the sides of "their stunt plane". The student's imagination is their only stipulation. Supply art materials.

Grade Level: Intermediate

SPACE TRAVEL: Students are fascinated with space travel. Have each classmate create a satellite station that they could move into and live for a year. Have them include sleeping facilities, showers, food preparation station, recreation, and medical services. Provide art supplies: paper, glue, marking pens, scissors, etc.

Grade Level: Intermediate

HOT-AIR BALLOONS: Supply art materials and have the children draw pictures to put on the sides of hot-air balloons that will fly over your city to advertise the best-ever chocolate chip ice cream.

Grade Level: Intermediate

OUR GALAXY: Have the students take time to look in science books about the various planets in our galaxy: i.e. Jupiter, Mars, Neptune, etc. Ask them to draw a picture of one of the planets with marking pens and white paper. Then ask them to design a flying machine that can take them to the planet of their choosing.

Grade Level: Intermediate

FLYING BIRD: Have the students design and draw a new bird that can fly backwards. Supply art materials: crayons, marking pens, pencils, paper, scissors, glue, etc.

Grade Level: Intermediate

SKY DIVING PARACHUTE: Have a contest and ask the class to design and draw a sky diving parachute. There are many shapes available today and ask the class to use their imagination to develop new types. Show them books with pictures on sky diving to inspire their own creations.

Grade Level: Intermediate/Advanced

SPECIAL STAMPS: Have the students design and make special stamps that could be issued to honor a new experimental aircraft in the year 2001. Supply art materials: paper, glue, marking pens, scissors, etc.

Grade Level: Intermediate/Advanced

AIRPLANE DESIGNS: Have the students pretend they are artists that are asked to design airplanes that could be flying in 25 or 100 years. In particular, hypersonic transports, convertiplanes, or nuclear-powered flying wings. Perhaps "flying saucer" type planes. Since the Wright Brothers first plane in 1903 approximately one million airplanes have been built. (Prototypes are experimental planes that are built by technicians from an artistic design on paper).

Grade Level: Intermediate/Advanced

BILLBOARD DESIGN: Have the students design a billboard that can be displayed on the side of a blimp (companies rent blimps as giant floating billboards) displaying their names in huge letters that can be read a mile away.

Grade Level: Intermediate/Advanced

KITE FESTIVAL: Pretend that your city is having a Kite Festival. Have your students design and draw different shaped kites with various objects, animals or people on the kites. Supply art items that the class can use in developing their designs.

Grade Level: Advanced

SKY DIVING: Have the students design a new RW for jumpers for free jumping in sky diving. A RW stands for Relative Work when a jumper is jumping in relation to one or more other jumpers and building any number of formations in a freefall. A simple RW would be two people in formation in freefall. There have been up to 61 persons in a formation. Have the class design new formations that could be used.

Grade Level: Advanced

AIR FORCE PARACHUTE: Have the students design a new type of parachute to be used by the Air Force. They can use designs that are already in use and modify or design an entirely new type. Tell them to use their imaginations.

Grade Level: Advanced

HANG GLIDER WINGS: Have the students create colorful designs for their own hang glider wings. Show the class books on hang gliders that already have colorful wings for ideas for their own creations.

Grade Level: Advanced

WINGED HORSES: Have students draw horses with wings. Show the class pictures of legendary times when there were winged creatures to inspire them in creating their own winged horses.

Grade Level: Advanced

PUBLIC SPACE TRAVEL: Public space travel is just a matter of time. Have the students draw a picture of what they think the space craft could possibly look like for traveling for the general public. Supply art materials.

Grade Level: Advanced

LEGENDARY BLUE ANGELS: Have the students imagine that they are a pilot with the legendary Blue Angels. Show the class pictures of some of their flying formations and ask them to design new formations for the Blue Angels to maneuver.

Grade Level: Advanced

STUNT KITES: Stunt kites were originally designed in the diamond shape, but recently the triangular and foil shape (like an airplane wing) have been developed. These kites are most effective visually if flown in a "train" of several kites connected to one another. Using the book, Fishing For Angels - The Magic of Kites by David Evans as a reference, do a class project of designing and making a train kite. This book has diagrammed instructions for building various types of kites.

Grade Level: Advanced

JET CREWS: An hour before a jet takes off, the crew meet to finalize the flight plan. Choose crews from among the class. Have enough crew teams so that the entire class participates. Have each crew team create their own "scenario" for their flight: the number of passengers, the freight, baggage, fuel, forecast weather conditions, and the best flight path to their destination. Have each crew team present their information to the rest of the class.

Grade Level: Advanced

AIRLINE NAVIGATION: Modern airlines can be navigated with total accuracy by its built-in systems, but its safety in the air (especially in relationship to the movements of other aircraft) is the responsibility of the worldwide ATC(Air Traffic Control) systems. Create teams of Air Traffic Controllers to act out communicating information to incoming and outgoing airliners from various locations. Some teams can create mock radar screens using boxes, empty plastic containers, paper, and other artist supplies. You can have the class "create" an Air Traffic Controller Tower where this activity takes place.


LITERATURE LINKS:

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Helicopters
Author: Kate Petty
Publisher: New York, Franklin Watts, 1987
Grade Level: K-2
Synopsis:
This is a colorful, fun book to share with small children. It is amazingly thorough for a book on this age level.

Airplanes and Other Things That Fly
Author: Steve Kelley
Publisher: Wisconsin, Western Publishing Company, Inc., 1990
Grade Level: 1-4
Synopsis:
This is a wonderful book for children. There are some really interesting facts in this book about flying machines and airplanes. And the illustrations are so colorful and bold.

Military Helicopters
Author: C.J. Norman
Publisher: London, Franklin Watts, 1986
Grade Level: 1-3
Synopsis:
A very colorful book about helicopters that small children will enjoy. The text is printed in large letters so that you can share it easily with young children.

Aerobatics
Author: Don Berliner
Publisher: Minnesota, Lerner Publications Company, 1980
Grade Level: 2-5
Synopsis:
A colorful picture book with information on the aerobatics that are possible today. For the younger children the teacher will have to read the text, but there are so many pictures that small children will enjoy this volume.

Blimps
Author: Roxie Munro
Publisher: New York, E.P. Dutton, 1989
Grade Level: 2-5
Synopsis:
This book will satisfy the curiosity of children about blimps and how they are assembled and then how they can fly. The text is adult-like in the approach, but younger children will enjoy having it read to them.

Fire & Silk - Flying In A Hot Air Balloon
Author: Neil Johnson
Publisher: Boston, Little, Brown and Company, 1991
Grade Level: 2-5
Synopsis:
This is a fun filled book for curious children that want to learn about hot air balloons. The photographs are fabulous - you almost feel that you are in the balloon yourself.

The Inside Story - Jetliner From Takeoff To Touchdown
Author: Chris Chant
Publisher: New York, Gloucester Press, 1982
Grade Level: 3-5
Synopsis:
An informative book about everything you ever wanted to know about a jet - from route planning to the passenger cabin and everything in between. The illustrations are fabulous in enhancing the text of the book.

Unusual Airplanes
Author: Don Berliner
Publisher: Minnesota, Lerner Publications Company, 1986
Grade Level: 3-6
Synopsis:
This is a great book that talks about the unusual in airplanes. The photographs are terrific. This is such a fun book!

On the Move...Hot Air Balloons
Author: Tony Freeman
Publisher: Chicago, Childrens Press, 1983
Grade Level: 3-6
Synopsis:
A very colorful book on balloons and their flight patterns. The photographs grab you into wanting to take a trip on a hot air balloon.

Stunt Planes
Author: Rosemary Grimm
Publisher: Minnesota, Crestwood House, 1988
Grade Level: 3-6
Synopsis:
The colorful photographs gives the reader such an appetite to read this book about stunts. This would be a must book for students of aviation.

Some Basics About Hang Gliding
Author: Ed Radlauer
Publisher: Chicago, Childrens Press, 1979
Grade Level: 3-6
Synopsis:
This is a fun book about hang gliding with very colorful pictures that almost make you feel that you are up in the air. The text practically explains the basics about the sport.

Flying In A Hot Air Balloon
Author: Cheryl Walsh Bellville
Publisher: Minneapolis, Carolrhoda Books, Inc., 1993
Grade Level: 3-6
Synopsis:
What a wonderful book about flight in a hot air balloon. No noises, you feel no wind, what an experience. A must book for students.

Fishing for Angels - The Magic of Kites
Author: David Evans
Publisher: Toronto, Canada, Annick Press Ltd., 1991
Grade Level: 3-8
Synopsis:
A magical book about kites, their history, and a practical guide to designing and making your own kite. The pictures and illustrations add to the creativity of this book.

Airplanes of the Future
Author: Don Berliner
Publisher: Minneapolis, Lerner Publications Company, 1987
Grade Level: 4-8
Synopsis:
This book explores the amazing world of air travel that may be just around the corner. The colored illustrations are fascinating.

Spy Planes
Author: Dr. David Baker
Publisher: Florida, Rourke Enterprises, Inc., 1987
Grade Level: 4-8
Synopsis:
This is an interesting volume covering the various aspects of spy planes, electronic probes, and filling the gaps in our defense. The colored photographs adds dimension to the text.

Helicopters and Airplanes of the U.S. Army
Author: Frank J. Delear
Publisher: New York, Dodd, Mead & Company, 1977
Grade Level: 4-10
Synopsis:
This is the story about the aviation progress of the United States Army. It is thorough and captures your imagination. The black and white photographs adds to the intrigue of the book.

Balloons, Zeppelins, and Dirigibles
Author: Aaron W. Percefull
Publisher: New York, Franklin Watts, 1983
Grade Level: 5-10
Synopsis:
This is an informative book about flying machines that one doesn't see that often. It is thorough and the black and white photographs lend to the text of the book.

Airplanes and Helicopters of the U.S. Navy
Author: Frank J. Delear
Publisher: New York, Dodd, Mead & Company, 1982
Grade Level: 6-Adult
Synopsis:
This book covers the history of U.S. Naval aircraft and a look into the future, too, at some of the new technology coming into use. The photographs add to the thoroughness of this text.

Ultralights
Author: Charlie Coombs
Publisher: New York, William Morrow & Company, 1984
Grade Level: 6-Adult
Synopsis:
Ultralights are the tiny, lightweight, uncomplicated flying machines. This book describes them, their uses, basic parts, and the enthusiasts who fly these machines.

Sky Diving
Author: Uwe Beckmann
Publisher: New York, Sterling Publishing Co., Inc., 1979
Grade Level: 6-Adult
Synopsis:
This is a practical book about the history of parachuting. The photographs both black and white and colored enhance the readability of this volume.

Super-Planes
Author: John Gabriel Navarra
Publisher: New York, Doubleday & Company, Inc., 1979
Grade Level: 6-Adult
Synopsis:
This volume gives us a very complete picture of what airline travel has been, is, and will be. The black and white photographs are fascinating.

Famous Blimps and Airships
Author: George Sullivan
Publisher: New York, Dodd, Mead & Company, 1988
Grade Level: 6-Adult
Synopsis:
This book gives you a history of airships and blimps. The photographs add to the understanding of the development of these airships.

Space Warfare
Author: David Hobbs
Publisher: New York, Prentice Hall Press, 1986
Grade Level: 8-Adult
Synopsis:
A complete picture of the role our military satellites play in our terrestrial military operations. The colored photographs and drawings add depth to the presentation of this book.


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